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翻訳と辞書　辞書検索 [ 開発暫定版 ] スポンサード リンク Hepatitis A virus internal ribosome entry site (IRES) ： ウィキペディア英語版 Hepatitis A virus internal ribosome entry site (IRES) This family represents the internal ribosome entry site (IRES) of the hepatitis A virus. HAV IRES is a 450 nucleotide long sequence〔 located in the 735 nt long 5’ UTR (untranslated region) of Hepatitis A viral RNA genome.〔 IRES elements allow cap and end-independent translation of mRNA in the host cell. The IRES achieves this by mediating the internal initiation of translation by recruiting a ribosomal 40S pre-initiation complex directly to the initiation codon and eliminates the requirement for eukaryotic initiation factor, eIF4F. ==History and Background== The IRES was first discovered in the RNA genome of ''picornaviridae'' by Norman Sonenberg in 1988. Initially, the identified 5’ UTR of poliovirus (PV) that directed internal initiation for protein synthesis was termed ribosome landing pad (RLP). This term was substituted with internal ribosome entry site soon after, which is also more commonly used today. In 1988, only encephalomycoarditis virus (EMCV) and PV were being used to demonstrate IRES ability. Research identifying the IRES in HAV was done in 1993 by Michael J. Glass, Xi-Yu Jia, and Donald F. Summers. Their research indicated the IRES of HAV was located downstream of nucleotide 45 and included up to nucleotide 734. Cap-independent internal initiation of protein synthesis differs from normal cellular cap-dependent translation initiation. eIF4 (eukaryotic initiation factor 4) as a whole complex made up of eIF4A, eIF4B, eIF4E, and eIF4G. eIF4F is used to refer to the complex that comprises eIF4E, 4G, and 4A.〔 In cap-dependent translation initiation, the eIF4F binds to the m7G cap on the 5’ UTR end, recruiting the 40S small ribosomal subunit and scanning downstream for the AUG start codon.〔 Cap-independent internal initiation has shown to interfere with either parts of eIF4 or the entire complex.〔 抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』 ■ウィキペディアで「Hepatitis A virus internal ribosome entry site (IRES)」の詳細全文を読む スポンサード リンク 翻訳と辞書 : 翻訳のためのインターネットリソース Copyright(C) kotoba.ne.jp 1997-2016. All Rights Reserved.